What is Aluminum Wiring?

Many older homes in Calgary were built using aluminum wiring for their electrical systems. While it was a popular choice at the time due to its affordability, aluminum wiring has since been found to pose potential safety hazards. If you're a buyer considering purchasing an older home, it's crucial to understand what aluminum wiring is and the issues associated with it. In this blog post, we will discuss the problems caused by aluminum wiring and explore the possible solutions.

What is Aluminum Wiring?

Aluminum wiring is an electrical conductor made primarily of aluminum, which was widely used in homes during the 1960s and 1970s. It became popular due to the soaring prices of copper, an alternative and safer material. Aluminum wiring consists of a thick aluminum core surrounded by a thin layer of copper coating to enhance conductivity. Unfortunately, over time, the copper coating can deteriorate, leading to potential dangers.

Issues with Aluminum Wiring in Older Homes

The main problem with aluminum wiring is that it expands and contracts more than copper when subjected to electrical loads. This continuous expansion and contraction can cause connections between the wiring and devices, such as outlets and switches, to become loose. Loose connections create a high resistance point, which can generate heat and eventually result in arcing or even fires.

Aluminum wiring is also prone to oxidation, a natural process that occurs when aluminum reacts with oxygen. Oxidation forms a layer of aluminum oxide on the surface of the wire, which is electrically resistive and can cause overheating. The combination of loose connections and oxidation greatly increases the risk of electrical hazards.

Solutions to Aluminum Wiring Issues

If you're considering purchasing a home with aluminum wiring, there are several solutions available to mitigate the associated risks:

1. Copper Pigtailing: This method involves attaching a short section of copper wire to the existing aluminum wire using special connectors called "pigtails." The copper wire is then connected to devices such as outlets and switches. This solution eliminates the risk of aluminum-to-device connections, which are the most vulnerable points.

2. Alumiconn Connectors: Alumiconn connectors are designed to join aluminum wiring to copper wiring or devices. These connectors are made of a special alloy that prevents oxidation and provides a safe electrical connection. Alumiconn connectors are a reliable and cost-effective solution for reducing the risks associated with aluminum wiring.

3. Complete Rewiring: In some cases, rewiring the entire house may be the most suitable solution. While it is the most expensive option, it ensures the elimination of all aluminum wiring and provides the highest level of safety. Rewiring the house allows you to install modern wiring with copper conductors, meeting current electrical code requirements.

It's important to note that addressing aluminum wiring issues should only be done by a qualified electrician experienced in working with aluminum wiring. They can assess the condition of the wiring and recommend the most appropriate solution for your specific situation.

In summary, while aluminum wiring was once widely used in older homes in Calgary, it carries potential safety risks. Understanding the issues associated with aluminum wiring is crucial for buyers considering purchasing such properties. By implementing the recommended solutions, you can significantly reduce the hazards associated with aluminum wiring and ensure the safety of your home.